What Does It Really Mean to Be an Entrepreneur?

According to INEGI, between 2019 and 2023, an estimated 1.7 million micro, small, and medium-sized economic units were born in Mexico, and 1.4 million died. Why did this happen? For various reasons, among which it stands out that the composition of the Mexican economy has continued to change, financing is insufficient, the regulatory framework is excessively complicated and opaque, the training of quality talent does not satisfy the demands of certain sectors, among other variables, and therefore the concept of entrepreneurship that really makes a difference has also changed. For now, 2025 seems to be a true watershed that no one knows where it will lead emerging countries. There is a new technological revolution centered on the unpredictable development of artificial intelligence; economic growth remains stagnant; productivity is negative, governments are of low quality, and to this must be added the extraordinary lag in frontier research, innovation, and knowledge generation. Two examples are enough. According to the Global Innovation Index 2024 of the World Intellectual Property Organization, one of the most relevant indicators of innovation and, consequently, of entrepreneurship, are “the science and technology clusters, which can be entire regions or cities and the backbone of a solid national innovation ecosystem… They are home to renowned universities, brilliant scientists, R&D-intensive companies, and prolific inventors, a collaboration that gives rise to inventions that drive national, regional, and global innovation.”